The Expedition of Banu Qurayza

As soon as the Prophet ﷺ returned from the Trench, Jibril commanded him to march against Banu Qurayza, who had broken the covenant and betrayed Madinah in its most critical hours. He besieged them until they submitted to the judgement of Saʿd ibn Muʿadh.

Between Banu Qurayza and the Prophet ﷺ was a covenant of joint defence of Madinah, which they broke at the most critical hours of the Trench, intending to strike the Muslims from within. When the confederates withdrew, Jibril came at midday: Have you laid down your arms? The angels have not laid theirs down; rise to Banu Qurayza.

So he ﷺ called: "Let none pray ʿAsr except in Banu Qurayza," and besieged them twenty-five nights until they submitted to the judgement of their old ally Saʿd ibn Muʿadh, who was wounded from the Trench. He judged among them by the very ruling of the Torah concerning traitors.

The Prophet ﷺ carried out the judgement and said: "You have judged them by the judgement of the King." Thereby Madinah was purified of internal treachery and its rear was secured. Then Saʿd died of his wound, and at his death the Throne of the Most Merciful shook, as is authentically reported.